PUBLIC SOCIOLOGY OPTIONAL

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Syllabus of SOCIOLOGY OPTIONAL

PAPER I

FUNDAMENTALS  OF  SOCIOLOGY

  1. Sociology – The Discipline:
    (a)  Modernity and social changes in Europe and emergence of Sociology.
    (b)  Scope of the subject and comparison with other social sciences.
    (c)  Sociology and common sense. 

  1. Sociology as  Science: (a)  Science, scientific method and critique.
    (b) Major theoretical strands of research methodology. 
    (c)  Positivism and its critique.
    (d)  Fact value and objectivity.
    ( e)  Non-positivist methodologies.
     
  1. Research Methods and Analysis: (a)  Qualitative and quantitative methods.
    (b)  Techniques of data collection.
    (c )  Variables, sampling, hypothesis, reliability and validity. 

  1. Sociological Thinkers: 
    (a)  Karl Marx – Historical materialism, mode of production, alienation, class struggle.
    (b)  Emile Durkhteim – Division of labour, social fact, suicide, religion and society.
    (c)  Max Weber – Social action, ideal types, authority, bureaucracy, protestant ethic and    the spirit of capitalism.
    (d)  Talcolt Parsons – Social system, pattern variables.
    (e)  Robert K. Merton – Latent and manifest functions, conformity and deviance, reference groups.
    (f)  Mead – Self and identity. 

  1. Stratification and Mobility : 
    (a)  Concepts – equality, inequality, hierarchy, exclusion, poverty and deprivation.
    (b)  Theories of social stratification – Structural func tionalist theory, Marxist theory,  Weberian theory.
    (c)  Dimensions – Social stratification of class, status groups, gender, ethnicity and race.
    (d)  Social mobility – open and closed systems, types of mobility, sources and causes of mobility. 

  1. Works and Economic Life : 
    (a)  Social organization of work in different types of society – slave society, feudal society, industrial capitalist society. 
    (b) Formal and informal organization of work. 
    (c) Labour  and society. 

  1. Politics and Society: 
    (a) Sociological theories of power.   
    (b) Power elite, bureaucracy, pressure groups and political parties.
    (c) Nation, state, citizenship, democracy, civil society, ideology.
    (d) Protest, agitation, social movements, collective action, revolution. 

  1. Religion and Society : 
    (a)  Sociological theories of religion.
    (b)  Types of religious practices: animism, monism, pluralism, sects, cults.
    (c) Religion in modern society: religion and science, secularization, religious revivalism, fundamen talism. 

  1. Systems of Kinship: 
    (a)  Family, household, marriage. 
    (b)  Types and forms of family.  
    (c)  Lineage and descent. 
    (d)  Patriarchy and sexual division of labour.  
    (e) Contem porary trends. 

  1. Social Change in Modern Society : (a) Sociological theories of social change. 
    (b)  Development and dependency.
    (c) Agents of social change.
    (d)  Education and social change.
    (e)  Science, technology and social change. 

 

PAPER II

INDIAN  SOCIETY :  STRUCTURE  AND  CHANGE

A. Introducing Indian Society :
(i) Perspectives on the Study of Indian Society :
(a) Indology (G.S. Ghure).
(b) Structural functionalism (M. N. Srinivas).
(c) Marxist sociology (A. R. Desai).
(ii) Impact of colonial rule on Indian society :
(a) Social background of Indian nationalism.
(b) Modernization of Indian tradition.
(c) Protests and movements during the colonial period.
(d) Social reforms.

B. Social Structure:
(i) Rural and Agrarian Social Structure:
(a) The idea of Indian village and village studies.
(b) Agrarian social structure— evolution of land tenure system, land reforms.
(ii) Caste System:
(a) Perspectives on the study of caste systems: G. S. Ghurye, M. N. Srinivas, Louis Dumont, Andre Beteille.
(b) Features of caste system.
(c) Untouchability-forms and perspectives
(iii) Tribal Communities in India:
(a) Definitional problems.
(b) Geographical spread.
(c) Colonial policies and tribes.
(d) Issues of integration and autonomy.
(iv) Social Classes in India:
(a) Agrarian class structure.
(b) Industrial class structure.
(c) Middle classes in India.
(v) Systems of Kinship in India:
(a) Lineage and descent in India.
(b) Types of kinship systems.
(c) Family and marriage in India.
(d) Household dimensions of the family.
(e) Patriarchy, entitlements and sexual division oflabour.
(vi) Religion and Society :
(a) Religious communities in India.
(b) Problems of religious minorities.

C. Social Changes in India:
(i) Visions of Social Change in India:
(a) Idea of development planning and mixed economy.
(b) Constitution, law and social change.
(c) Education and social change.
(ii) Rural and Agrarian Transformation in India:
(a) Programmes of rural development, Community Development Programme, cooperatives, poverty alleviation schemes.
(b) Green revolution and social change.
(c) Changing modes of production in Indian agriculture.
(d) Problems of rural labour, bondage, migration.
(iii) Industrialization and Urbanisation in India:
(a) Evolution of modern industry in India.
(b) Growth of urban settlements in India.
(c) Working class: structure, growth, class mobilization.
(d) Informal sector, child labour.
(e) Slums and deprivation in urban areas.
(iv) Politics and Society :
(a) Nation, democracy and citizenship.
(b) Political parties, pressure groups, social and political elite.
(c) Regionalism and decentralization of power.
(d) Secularization.
(v) Social Movements in Modern India :
(a) Peasants and farmers movements.
(b) Women’s movement.
(c) Backward classes & Dalit movements.
(d) Environmental movements.
(e) Ethnicity and Identity movements.
(vi) Population Dynamics :
(a) Population size, growth, composition and distribution.
(b) Components of population growth: birth, death, migration.
(c) Population Policy and family planning.
(d) Emerging issues: ageing, sex ratios, child and infant mortality, reproductive health.
(vii) Challenges of Social Transformation :
(a) Crisis of development : displacement, environmental problems and sustainability.
(b) Poverty, deprivation and inequalities.
(c) Violence against women.
(d) Caste conflicts.
(e) Ethnic conflicts, communalism, religious revivalism. (f) Illiteracy and disparities in education.

Frequently Asked Questions

It depends upon the profile of the student, if a student is Graduate or in final year of Graduation then one year is sufficient to prepare for the IAS examination but this requires complete sincerity along with a strategy to accommodate all the relevant topics in your schedule. To clear the Civil Services Examination one should have clarity about the syllabus, familiarity with the pattern, timely optional preparation, and most importantly revision. Accommodating all this in one’s schedule requires persistent efforts but if a student has just completed his/her 12th or is 1st or 2nd year of Graduation then it will be better to go for 2Year or 3Year courses. We are here to guide you about all these.

UPSC has given a choice of attempting the examination in both English as well as Hindi medium, so there cannot be any bias based upon this. There are so many success stories of candidates with Hindi Medium scoring top ranks. It’s the content, analysis, logical conclusions in the candidate’s answers that make a difference, not the medium.A Hindi medium candidate has equal chances of success as his/ her English counterpart.

Since the Civil Services Examination has an extensive syllabus and requires rigorous practice, an early start will certainly be an advantage! In a 2/3 years’ course which runs parallel to graduation, a candidate can build a solid conceptual foundation of all GS concepts along with the special focus on NCERTs in the first year.

Individual mentorship with evaluation sessions are instrumental in chalking out a complete preparation strategy under expert supervision. The second-year predominantly focuses on Essay Writing and theme-based approach to the GS subjects.

The third-year consolidates upon all the covered dimensions and is packed with extensive Mock Tests, evaluations, Optional subject preparation, and the Pre-Special Course.

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